Supersizing the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The mitochondrial respiratory chain.
In the present chapter, the structures and mechanisms of the major components of mammalian mitochondrial respiratory chains are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the four protein complexes and their cofactors that catalyse the electron transfer pathway between oxidation of NADH and succinate and the reduction of oxygen to water. Current ideas are reviewed of how these electron transfer...
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INTRODUCTION Fumarate reductase (FRD) catalyses the reduction of fumarate to succinate and is a key enzyme for the anaerobic functioning of many organisms respiring with fumarate as terminal electron acceptor. The ability to reduce fumarate is a common property among Gram-negative bacteria and some facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria. The reduction of fumarate is also important in the ...
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Most of the oxygen consumed by aerobic organisms is reduced to water by the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase in the terminal reaction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Since oxygen in the ground state is in a triplet configuration (with two unpaired electrons in the outer shell) its reduction to water must occur in four consecutive one-electron steps. Some of the partially reduced oxygen inter...
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Oxidative phosphorylation, i.e., ATP synthesis by the oxygen-consuming respiratory chain (RC), supplies most organs and tissues with a readily usable energy source, being functional before birth. Consequently, RC deficiencies can theoretically give rise to any symptom, in any organ or tissue, at any age and with any mode of inheritance, because of the twofold genetic origin of RC components (nu...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cell Metabolism
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1550-4131
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.02.009